• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Railway axis assembly comprising: - a vehicle support platform and an axle (1) on which a wheel (2) is mounted, which can be moved relative to the platform in a lateral direction (3), - blocking means, which block the displacement according to the lateral direction (3) of each wheel (2) with respect to the platform, and comprise two independent bolts (6) movable within a blocking guide (7) integral with the platform, - means for changing the distance between wheels (2) comprising a positioning part (4) that is linked to the wheel (2) without the possibility of relative movement between the wheel (2) according to the lateral direction (3), comprising said positioning part (4) two sets of positioning guides (5) each formed by at least two positioning guides (5), - where each bolt (6) can additionally be housed within the positioning guides (5). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2607380A2
    申请号:ES201531383
    申请日:2015-09-29
    公开日:2017-03-31
    发明作者:Lopez Gomez JOSE LUIS；Moñino Damiano MIGUEL ANGEL；Lopez Bonaque ANDRES
    申请人:Patentes Talgo SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    image 1 DESCRIPTION
    Railway Shaft Assembly 5 TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a railway axle assembly, which has application in the railway industry, and more specifically in the field of devices and installations that allow an automated change of the distance between the wheels of the vehicle, to its
    10 passing through a fixed or changing facility, in order to adapt said railway vehicle for its circulation on railway tracks with different track widths. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    15 Currently, track width change systems are known that allow passengers to be transshipped at borders where lines with different track widths converge, as in the case of the Spanish-French border where there is a different width between tracks of the Iberian Peninsula (1668 mm) and European tracks (1435 mm).
    20 According to these systems, the railway units incorporate a device for transferring the wheels of their axles. Also, the system comprises a fixed installation or changer mounted between the tracks of different width. The operation of changing the wheelbase is carried out automatically, without human intervention, when the train passes over said installation in a series of phases that follow each other continuously and can
    25 be summarized as follows. In the first phase, the wheels of their vertical loads are released; in the second, the wheel axle assemblies are released from a lateral locking mechanism that keeps them in their rolling position; in the third, the wheels, freed from their vertical load and from their lateral blockage, enter oblique guides that, when advancing the vehicle, move the wheels laterally to their new position of
    30 taxiing, according to the new track width; in the fourth and fifth phase, the wheel assemblies are laterally re-locked and their vertical load is applied to the axle again, which concludes the operation of changing the wheelbase for adaptation to the new track width.
    35 Based on these systems, different developments have been made for application to different railway structures, among which are the case of independent axes, bogies, merchandise bogies and motor bogies and, among them, the one described in the Spanish patent No. ES 2 130 039 B1, which describes a railway axle assembly equipped with automatic track width change, which can be incorporated into conventional merchandise bogies instead of fixed-mounted mounted axles, without requiring a
    image2
    5 substantial modification of said bogies.
    In accordance with the system described in the document mentioned in the previous paragraph, each bogie incorporates unloading skates that, when passing the rail vehicle through the fixed or changer installation, support parallel unloading rails.
    10 to the direction of the march or advance of the vehicle, whereby the weight of the railway vehicle of the axles on which the wheels are mounted is achieved, that is, that the wheels themselves are unloaded from the weight of the vehicle.
    On the other hand, the fixed or changer installation comprises unlocking rails or
    15 unlocks running parallel to the discharge rails. The head of these unlocking rails is "T" shaped in correspondence with the female form having unlocking or unlocking skates located in the bogie, so that the head of said unlocking skates fits into the custom unlocking rails that the vehicle advances through the fixed installation or changer. According to a profile view, the
    20 unlocking rails have a stepped path that causes the unlocking skate to lower and re-raise a piece that forms the locking bolts, responsible for unlocking the wheels with respect to their position in the bogie structure, as the vehicle passes by fixed installation or changer.
    25 Likewise, as the vehicle progresses and the wheels are already released from the locks, these wheels pass through path displacement guides that are oblique to both the unlocking and unloading rails, so that they position the wheels in its new position, at which time the locks are closed, by the action of the upward staggering of the unlocking rails, finally remaining its new
    30 position with respect to the bogie structure. Each bolt has a configuration comprising two interlocking end studs that are joined together by a bridge, so that both bolts are operated together, since the bolt is a single piece.
    35 Once the wheels are locked in the new position, the wheel unloading skates cease to have contact with the installation unloading rails
    image3
    fixed or changer and therefore the vehicle rests on the wheels of the bogie.
    In Spanish Patent No. ES 2 346 945 B1, a variable width bogie with rotating shafts is described as well as a fixed or changing facility for changing track width. The installation corresponds to that described in the document set out in the previous paragraphs, and the bogie is an example similar to the previous one.
    The problem with these systems is that in the lower part of the trains in extreme cold conditions snow accumulates, dirt also accumulates, which contributes to increasing the risk that the locks do not re-engage once they have descended and the wheels have been displaced laterally, with the consequent risk of the safety of the wheels being crazy with respect to the frame, since the locks cannot be locked. From a security point of view, the problem is considerable, given the single-piece structure of the locks, which are
    15 linked to each other by the bridge, in the event that snow, ice, or simply dirt prevents the entry of one of the bolts, this means that the other bolt cannot enter its wheel lock position either, with which said wheel is crazy with respect to the axle, with the consequent risk of derailment.
    20 This problem is more relevant in countries that usually have low temperatures, as in Russia, which also has the particularity of having a special track width with a value of 1520 mm, intermediate between the width of the Iberian and European roads, so There is a need to have to change the wheelbase. Given the importance of this problem, in this case they have been adopted
    25 particular solutions consisting of driving recirculation air from the passenger cars to the areas where the locks are located, in order to undo the possible accumulated snow or ice.
    In any case, in addition to the additional cost and waste of energy that comes with
    30 solution mentioned in the previous paragraph, even in the case of passenger wagons, the problem is still present in those vehicles that do not have air to recirculate from the passenger compartment, as is the case of wagons that are not intended to said transport, such as freight vehicles.
    35
    image4 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a railway axle assembly, which allows solving the above problem, constituting a reliable safe system for changing the wheelbase in a fixed or changing facility such as that described in Spanish patent No. ES 2 346 945 B1, even when it is carried out in cold and ice or snow conditions accumulated in the lower part of the axle assembly, thus achieving its adaptation to railways of different widths and minimizing the risk of accidental unlocking of wheels during the change of width operation, getting this
    10 object even in freight vehicles that do not have air recirculation from the passenger compartment.
    The object of the present invention is achieved with a railway axle assembly as defined by claim 1. Embodiments are defined in embodiments
    15 advantageous individuals of said railway axis.
    The railway axle assembly proposed by the invention comprises a support platform of a railway vehicle and at least one axle on which at least one wheel is mounted, the axle assembly comprising at least two wheels whose rotation centers define
    20 a lateral direction that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The distance between said at least two wheels corresponds to a track width, where each wheel is mounted on the platform such that a displacement of said wheel with respect to the platform is allowed according to the lateral direction.
    Likewise, the assembly comprises locking means that allow the movement to be blocked according to the lateral direction of each wheel with respect to the platform, and means for changing the distance between said at least two wheels, according to the lateral direction.
    Well, according to the invention, the means of distance change comprise, by
    30 each wheel, a positioning piece that is linked to the wheel so that there can be no relative movement between said wheel and said positioning piece according to the lateral direction, said positioning piece comprising at least two sets of positioning guides, where each set comprises at least two positioning guides spaced apart from each other according to the lateral direction.
    35 Likewise, the locking means comprise, for each wheel, at least two independent bolts or vertically movable rods, where each bolt can move inside a locking guide, which is integral with the platform, without the possibility of leaving said locking guide. .
    image5
    5 Each bolt can be housed within a positioning guide of each of said at least two sets of positioning guides, so that the bolt can move vertically between a locked position, in which the bolt is housed in the positioning guide and prevents the movement of the positioning piece and therefore of the wheel with respect to the platform according to the lateral direction, and a position
    10, in which the lock is not housed in any positioning guide and allows the movement of the positioning piece and the wheel with respect to the platform according to the lateral direction.
    Regarding the systems of the prior art, in the case of the invention it is not
    15 contemplates the use of a bridge element that incorporates the two joined bolts. On the contrary, in the case of the invention each bolt has its own independent guide that collaborates with the unlocking rail equally independently, thus having its own height-changing route and that by means of that descent or ascent of the unlocking rail profile causes the locks to descend and rise to unlock or
    20 be locked completely independently, so that it is ensured that in case of failure of one of the bolts, the other can be placed correctly and is not destined to not be placed correctly because it is jointly and severally linked to the first, which happens in the case of state of the art In addition, since each bolt is individual, it is not influenced by either ice or snow, against those that occur with the bolt of the
    25 state of the art in the form of a bridge where if it is influenced by the accumulation in the area of the bridge of that ice or snow. Therefore, the locking means of the invention act in a redundant manner since by understanding at least two independent bolts one of them can fail while the other can have its effect, which results in safety. On the contrary, in the case of the prior art it is not possible to obtain that
    30 redundancy, as indicated, since the failure of one of the bolts inexorably implies the failure of the other. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    35 To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings in where for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    image6
    5 Figure 1.- Shows a schematic perspective view of the outer side of one of the wheels where the two limit, locking and unlocking positions of one of the bolts have been represented with respect to the positioning part that is integral with the wheel with respect to to the lateral direction; for better appreciation of the elements, the second bolt has not been represented, but the positioning guides in the piece of
    10 positioning, in which said second bolt would play.
    Figure 2. - It shows a schematic perspective view like that of Figure 1, in which the assembly has been represented from another point of view and without the upper cover element, for better appreciation of the position of the bolt in its positions limit,
    15 Likewise, as in Figure 1, it has been shown without covering the locking guide in which the bolt plays.
    Figure 3. - It shows another schematic perspective view like the previous ones, in which neither the axis nor the positioning piece has been represented, but the element of
    20 upper cover, and where the closed locking guide or cover has been shown, so that dirt from entering it is thus prevented.
    Figure 4.- Shows a schematic perspective view like that of the previous figures but from an external point of view and without the fixing plate of the locking guide to the
    25 platform, the positioning guides of the positioning piece being clearly visible in the figure, which face the fixing plate and superiorly to the locking guide that houses the bolt.
    Figure 5.- Shows a schematic perspective view from the side of Figure 4, in
    30 which has been shown the fixing plate and the upper cover element, and in which the cap or housing of the elastic means has not been represented, for its appreciation.
    Figure 6.- Shows a schematic perspective view of the shaft assembly step
    35 of the invention by the stepped section of the unlocking rail of a fixed or changing installation, the different height at which the two bolts are located can be seen


    comprising the railway axle assembly, and its independent drive. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    5 In view of the aforementioned figures, it can be seen how in one of the possible embodiments of the invention the railway axle assembly proposed by the invention comprises a support platform of a railway vehicle and two rotating axles (1), on each of the which one wheel is mounted (2). The platform has not been represented in the figures, and as for the axis (1), as can be seen in the figures, the realization of the
    The invention corresponds to an embodiment of independent rotating shafts (1) for each wheel (2).
    Therefore, the axle assembly comprises two wheels (2) whose rotation centers define a lateral direction (3) that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The distance 15 between said wheels (2) corresponds to a track width, where each wheel (2) is mounted on the platform such that a displacement of said wheel is allowed
    (2) with respect to the platform according to the lateral direction (3).
    The assembly comprises locking means that allow the movement to be blocked according to
    20 the lateral direction (3) of each wheel (2) with respect to the platform, and means of changing distance between said wheels (2), according to the lateral direction (3).
    On the other hand, the means for changing the distance comprise, for each wheel (2), a positioning piece (4) that is linked to the wheel (2) so that it cannot exist
    25 relative movement between said wheel (2) and said positioning piece (4) according to the lateral direction (3). Said positioning piece (4) comprises two sets of positioning guides (5), where each set comprises three positioning guides (5) spaced apart from one another according to the lateral direction (3).
    30 The locking means comprise, for each wheel (2), two vertically movable independent bolts (6), where each bolt (6) can move inside a locking guide (7), which is integral with the platform, without possibility leaving said blocking guide (7).
    Each bolt (6) can be housed within a positioning guide (5) of each of said two sets of positioning guides (5), so that the bolt (6) can move vertically between a locked position, in which the bolt (6) is housed in the positioning guide (5) and prevents the movement of the positioning piece
    image7
    (4) and therefore of the wheel (2) with respect to the platform according to the lateral direction (3), and an unlocking position, in which the bolt (6) is not housed in any guide of
    5 positioning (5) and allows the movement of the positioning piece (4) and the wheel (2) with respect to the platform according to the lateral direction (3).
    In the present embodiment, the discharge means that act prior to the unlocking of the bolts is not included either, since said discharge means can be
    10 like those of the prior art.
    The possibility is contemplated that each bolt (6) comprises a skate (8) located inferiorly that has a female cross-section that collaborates and fits into an unlocking rail of a fixed or changing installation for changing the width. Said skate (8) has
    15 limited its upward movement by its contact with a plate that joins the locking guide (7) to the platform.
    That is, each bolt (6) is vertically movable when operated by the locking rails located in a fixed installation or changer to effect the change in width of
    20 way.
    For each wheel (2) the locking means comprise two locks (6) located in diametral opposition in correspondence with two sets of positioning guides (5) that each positioning piece (4) has, where said positioning piece (4) have
    25 general cylindrical configuration and is located externally to the wheel (2) around its axis (1), preferably by means of the mandatory bearings, to allow the rotation of the axis (1), in the case of being mounted in direct contact.
    According to a preferred embodiment each set of positioning guides (5)
    30 comprises three positioning guides (5) defining distances between wheels (2) located according to the same lateral direction (3) corresponding to track widths of 1668 mm, 1520 mm and 1435 mm. The most common track widths in Europe are the European standard width (present throughout central Europe and in the SPANISH HIGH SPEED) which is 1435 mm, the Iberian track width (Spain and Portugal) of 1668 mm and
    35 the Russian width (1520 mm).


    The possibility is contemplated that each bolt (6) is operated superiorly by elastic means (9), which may consist of a compression spring, or even two as shown in Figure 6, which tend to maintain each bolt (6) in its locked position. Each bolt (6) carries a rod on which one or several springs (9) are coupled, which when the bolts are unlocked (6) are compressed and then the force of the spring (9) allows the bolt lock position to be recovered. (6). Preferably, the elastic means (9) are housed in a sealed capsule or cap, so that the rod and the spring or springs are tightly wrapped. This hermetic hood has a one-way valve that expels the air in the
    10 internal in case of overpressure.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the positioning guides (5) have a trapecial, square or rectangular configuration. These positioning guides (5), with any of these particular configurations, allow together with the shapes
    15 ends of the bolts (6) make the alignment of the bolts (6) and their self-centering and in the form of a girdle the bolts (8) are wedged towards both sides of the positioning guides (5).
    In view of this description and set of figures, the person skilled in the art will be able to understand that
    The embodiments of the invention that have been described can be combined in multiple ways within the object of the invention. The invention has been described according to some preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments without exceeding the object of the claimed invention.
    25
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    image 1
    1.-Set of railway axle comprising: -a support platform of a railway vehicle and at least one axle (1) on which it is
    5 mounted at least one wheel (2), the axle assembly comprising at least two wheels (2) whose centers of rotation define a lateral direction (3) that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle, so that the distance between said , at least two, wheels (2) correspond to a track width, where each wheel (2) is mounted on the platform in such a way that a displacement of said wheel (2) is allowed with respect to the
    10 platform according to the lateral direction (3), -blocking means that allow to block the displacement according to the lateral direction (3) of each wheel (2) with respect to the platform, and -means of change of distance between said, at least two , wheels (2), according to the lateral direction (3),
    15 characterized in that - the means for changing the distance comprise, for each wheel (2), a positioning piece (4) that is linked to the wheel (2) so that there can be no relative movement between said wheel (2) and said positioning piece (4) according to the lateral direction (3), said positioning piece (4) comprising at least two
    20 sets of positioning guides (5), where each set comprises at least two positioning guides (5) spaced apart from each other according to the lateral direction (3), and -the locking means comprise, for each wheel (2), the At least two independent bolts (6), where each bolt (6) can move within a locking guide (7), which is integral with the platform, without the possibility of leaving said locking guide (7),
    25 -where additionally each bolt (6) can be housed within a positioning guide (5) of each of said, at least two, sets of positioning guides (5), so that the bolt (6) can move between a locking position, in which the bolt (6) is housed in the positioning guide (5) and prevents the movement of the positioning piece (4) from the platform according to the
    30 lateral direction (3), and an unlocking position, in which the bolt (6) is not housed in any positioning guide (5) and allows the movement of the positioning piece (4) with respect to the platform according to the lateral direction (3).
    [2]
    2. A railway axle assembly according to claim 1, wherein each bolt (6) comprises a bottom slide (8) having a female cross-section that collaborates and fits into an unlocking rail of a fixed or changing changer installation
    eleven
    image2
    Wide.
    [3]
    3.-Railway axle assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein for each wheel (2) the locking means comprise two locks (6) located in
    5 diametral opposition in correspondence with two sets of positioning guides (5) that each positioning piece (4) has, where said positioning piece (4) has a cylindrical general configuration and is located externally to the wheel (2) around its shaft (1).
    10. A railway axle assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each set of positioning guides (5) comprises three positioning guides (5) defining wheel distances (2) located according to the same lateral direction ( 3) corresponding to track widths of 1668 mm, 1520 mm and 1435 mm.
    5. A railway axle assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each bolt (6) is operated superiorly by elastic means (9) that tend to keep each bolt (6) in its locked position.
    [6]
    6. Railway shaft assembly according to claim 5, wherein the elastic means (9) are housed in an airtight capsule.
    [7]
    7. A railway axle assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the positioning guides (5) have a trapecial, square or rectangular configuration.
    12
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016011737B4|2018-08-09|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2728793A1|2018-04-25|2019-10-28|Talgo Patentes|Railway set |ES2078137B1|1992-09-30|1996-08-16|Invastesa|BOGIES FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES WITH VARIABLE SEPARATION BETWEEN WHEELS.|
    JP3470986B2|1995-02-13|2003-11-25|財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所|Rail-to-rail variable bogie for railway vehicles|
    KR100221715B1|1995-06-06|1999-10-01|오제키 마사노리|Gauge varible bogie and gauge change device for rolling stock|
    ES2130039B1|1996-04-17|2000-02-16|Talgo Patentes|RAILWAY AXLE ASSEMBLY EQUIPPED WITH AUTOMATIC CHANGE OF TRACK WIDTH AND ADAPTABLE TO CONVENTIONAL BOGIES OF GOODS.|
    ES2212154T3|1997-02-10|2004-07-16|Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.|INTERCHANGEABLE WIDTH BOGIE FOR A FRAME.|
    DE19720030A1|1997-05-13|1998-11-19|Deutsche Bahn Ag|Single drive for rail vehicles|
    JP3652577B2|2000-03-28|2005-05-25|財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所|Rail vehicle variable gauge truck|
    RU2222447C2|2000-09-22|2004-01-27|Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт железнодорожного транспорта МПС России|Extensible wheelset|
    JP4897357B2|2006-05-29|2012-03-14|株式会社東芝|Locking system for variable gauge carriage|
    ES2346945B1|2008-04-29|2011-12-23|Patentes Talgo, S.L.|VARIABLE WIDTH BOGIE WITH ROTATING AXLES AND FIXED INSTALLATION FOR VIA WIDTH CHANGE.|
    FR2964076B1|2010-08-27|2012-08-17|Henri Guillemaut|INSTALLATION FOR MODIFYING THE WHEEL DIFFERENCE OF A RAIL VEHICLE BOGIE|CN108909356B|2018-07-05|2020-06-02|中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司|Locking mechanism for track-pitch-variable wheel set and track-pitch-variable wheel set|
    CN111942422B|2020-08-19|2021-06-15|青岛思锐科技有限公司|Identification locking device, variable-track-pitch brake clamp unit and railway vehicle|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201531383A|ES2607380B1|2015-09-29|2015-09-29|Railway Shaft Assembly|ES201531383A| ES2607380B1|2015-09-29|2015-09-29|Railway Shaft Assembly|
    RU2016138449A| RU2714363C2|2015-09-29|2016-09-28|Railway vehicle axle assembly|
    DE102016011737.0A| DE102016011737B4|2015-09-29|2016-09-29|Rail-bound axle assembly|
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